máquinas e equipamentos para engenharia de processo usadas para venda (7,690)

Nome do material: Tanque de polímero 1450mm(L) x 4500mm(L) x 600mm(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Tanque de polímero Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 1450mm(L) x 4500mm(L) x 600mm(H) SS304-2B, 3mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11AW5 (F49)

Nome do material: TANQUE DE SUSPENSÃO 1306mm(L) x 4500mm(L) x 550mm(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Tanque de polpa Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 1306mm(L) x 4500mm(L) x 550mm(C) SS304-2B, 2mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11AW5 (F49)

Nome do material: Tanque de coagulante 1540mm(L) x 4600mm(L) x 700mm(P) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Tanque de coagulante Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 1540mm(L) x 4600mm(L) x 700mm(H) SS304-2B, 3mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11W5 (F49)

Nome do material: Tanque de látex 1 & 2 2026mm(L) x 6000mm(L) x 700mm(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Tanque de látex 1 & 2 Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 2026mm(L) x 6000mm(L) x 700mm(H) SS304-2B, 2mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11W5 (F49)

Nome do material: Post Leaching Tank 1 & 2 2000mm(L) x 6000mm(L) x 600mm(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Aquário pós-lixiviação 1 e 2 Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 2000mm(L) x 5900mm(L) x 600mm(C) SS304-2B, 2mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11W5 (F49)

Nome do material: TANQUE PRÉ-LIXIVIAÇÃO 1&2&3 2000MM(W)X6000MM(L)X600MM(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Aquário Pré-Lixiviação 1 & 2 & 3 Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 2000mm(L) x 5900mm(L) x 600mm(H) SS304-2B, 2mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11W5 (F49)

Nome do material: RINSE TANK 1&2 2000MM(W)X2500MM(L)X600MM(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Tanque de Enxaguamento 1 & 2 Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 2000mm(L) x 2400mm(L) x 600mm(H) SS316-2B, 3mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11W5 (F49)

Nome do material: ACID TANK 1900MM(W) X2500MM(L)X600MM(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: Acid Tank Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 1900mm(L) x 2000mm(L) x 600mm(C), SS316-2B, 3mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11W5 (F49)

Nome do material: TANQUE ALCALINO 1 & 2 1900mm(L) x 2000mm(L) x 600mm(H) Material Marca: Genérico Modelo: TANQUE ALCALINO 1 & 2 Tipo de material: Tanque Especificação do material: 1900mm(L) x 2000mm(L) x 600mm(C), SS316-2B, 3mm POR FAVOR, CONTACTE O AARON: +6017-369 8203 LOCALIZAÇÃO: F11W5 (F49)

INSTRUMENTO: HOMOGENEIZADOR DO PILOTO MOEDA: MYR Se estiver interessado, por favor contacte a Farha (nurfarha_atopglove.com.my) ou a Sr.ª Fatimah (fatimah_asmadtopglove.com.my)

General SKU330U803 LocationBarneveld MakeVollrath TypeEWTHV 0,5 Main Features Motor0.37 KW Specified Features - Dissolver Dissolvercheck lab Disc diameter30 mm, 50 mm Between shaft and frame200 mm Motor0,37 kW, 220/380 volt, (Ex) With variable speed drive1375 rpm Speed mixing shaft350-1750 rpm With mechanical liftingcheck max 250 mm Information No.20.610 Year of construction1984 With switchcheck Floorspace0,55x0,45 m Total height0,90 m Weight60 kg ATEX compatiblecheckOintmentsDissolversFine chemicalsOther chemicalCatalysts & fillersSolventsDetergent & surf.Other pharmaceuticsLubricants & oleoOther feedDyes & pigmentsMinerals & inorganicPaints & coatingsOils & fatVollrathIndustries > Pharmaceutical > OintmentsMixers > DissolversIndustries > Chemical > Fine chemicalsIndustries > Chemical > Other chemicalIndustries > Chemical > Catalysts & fillersIndustries > Chemical ...

General SKU066A334 MakeHalvor Forberg A/S Larvik Norway TypeFT-200 No.S12-94 Year of construction1994 Mounted on framecheck Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume200 Ltr. Motor5.5 KW Specified Features - Paddle mixer MaterialStainless steel 1.4301 (304) Paddle mixercheck Double shaftcheck Useful capacity200 Ltr. Trough sizes1000x850x950mm ManholecheckInspection hatch 785x410mm OutletDia. 220 mm Motor5,5 KW, 380/660 Volt Information LocationBarneveld Floorspace 1,7x1,6 m Total heightmixer without filter 2,5m Weight2250kg Extra Specifications- Equipped with Forbergs PMS Pin Mill System = 2 high speed rotating shafts with welded pins - Heat exchanger and fan are missing - With nozzles for liquid injection - :With envelope filters Powdered foodsGeneric medicinesOintmentsFine chemicalsStarchOther chemicalBiotechnologyAgrochemicalsPaddle mixersCatalysts & fille ...

General SKU214W277 MakeQVF Glasstechnik LocationBarneveld CEcheck TypeROB DN100,0,5M Pressure Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure shell2 Bar Vacuum possible shellcheck Working pressure tubes3 Bar Tubular vacuum possiblecheck Main Features Shell (Material)glass Tube (Material)Graphite Surface0.5 m2 Specified Features - Shell and tube heat exchanger MaterialBorosilicate Glass 3.3, Graphite, Stainless steel 1.4301 (304) Heat exchangercheck Horizontalcheck Heating surface0.5m² Tube capacity3 Ltr. Number of tubes:11 Tube diameter14 mm Tube length1200 mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell capacity7 Ltr. Shell diameterDN100 Shell length1425 mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell with expansion jointcheck Shell connectionsDN50, DN100 Cover connectionsDN50 Information No.98069A Year of construction1998 Floorspace0,22 x 1,57 m Total height0,22 m Weight70 kg ATEX com ...

General SKU247S159 MakeLipp Mischtechnik GmbH (D) TypeIMR-E 2000 No.4920 Year of construction2011 Mounted on framecheck Pressure Working pressure10 Bar Vacuum possiblecheck Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume2090 Ltr. Motor55 KW Specified Features - Powder turbo mixer Powder turbo mixercheck Capacity2090 ltr. Trough sizesdia. 1100x2200mm InletDN200 Inspection hatchdoor dia. 1100mm OutletDN200 Max. temperature-40/120°C Motor55 kW400/690 Volt (Ex) Speed mixing shaft50 rpm With lump breaker(3x) Motor15 kW 400/690 Volt (Ex) (3x) Speed lumpbreaker965 rpm MaterialStainless steel 1.4571 (316Ti) Information LocationBarneveld Floorspace2,5x4,7 M Total height2,3 M Weight7500 Kg CEcheck ATEX compatiblecheck Extra Specificationsshaft seals by means of a flushed seal (Eagle Burgmann) including filter and product dosing vessel with agitator Powdered foodsG ...

General SKU214W276 LocationBarneveld CEcheck MakeQVF Glasstechnik Pressure Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure shell2 Bar Vacuum possible shellcheck Working pressure tubes3 Bar Main Features Shell (Material)glass Tube (Material)Graphite Surface3.2 m2 Specified Features - Shell and tube heat exchanger MaterialBorosilicate Glass 3.3, Graphite, Stainless steel 1.4301 (304) Heat exchangercheck Horizontalcheck Heating surface3,2 m2 Tube capacity10 Ltr. Number of tubes:37 Tube diameter14 mm Tube length1980 mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell capacity24 Ltr. Shell diameter124 mm Shell length2250 mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell with expansion jointcheck Shell connectionsDN100 (2x) Cover connectionsDN40: DN50 Information TypeROB32/150/SH/3/SIC Year of construction1998 Floorspace0,25 x 2,30m Total height0,25 m Weight100 kg ATEX compatiblecheck Technical specs ...

General SKU247S158 MakeLipp Mischtechnik GmbH (D) TypeIMR-E 200 No.4910 Year of construction2011 Mounted on framecheck Pressure Working pressure10 Bar Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume200 Ltr. Motor11 KW Specified Features - Powder turbo mixer Useful capacity296 ltr (nett. 200 ltr. ) With coverdia. 560mm InletDN100 OutletDN150 Max. temperature-40/120 degr. C. With adjustable packing glandsmechanical seal Motor11 kW 230/400 Volt (Ex) Speed mixing shaft64 rpm Suitable for liquidcheck Powder turbo mixers Powder turbo mixercheck Capacity296 ltr Useful capacity200 ltr. Trough sizesdia. 560x880mm InletDN100 OutletDN150 Max. temperature-40/120 degr. C. With adjustable packing glandsfushable mechanical seal Motor11 kW 230/400 Volt (Ex) With frequency controllercheck Speed mixing shaft64 rpm With lump breakercheck Motor15 kW 400/690 Volt (Ex) Speed ...

General SKU215W150 LocationBarneveld CEcheck MakeFansider Main Features Motor1.1 KW Length2100 mm Inlet diameter160 mm Specified Features - Horizontal screw conveyor MaterialStainless steel 1.4306 (304L), Stainless steel 1.4401 (316) Horizontal conveyor screwcheck Tube-typecheck Diameter160 mm Length2100 mm Between inlet and outlet1510 mm Shaft diameter90 mm Pitch100 mm Inlet580 x 160 mm OutletDia. 160 mm Motor1,1 kW, 400V, 1435 rpm Screw speed23 rpm Information TypeCT168 Mach.No.21443 Year of construction2022 Floorspace3,45 x 0,80 m Total height0,40 m Weight410 kg Extra SpecificationsCap. Approx 1800 l/hPowdered foodsGeneric medicinesOintmentsTea, herbs & coffeeFine chemicalsStarchOther chemicalRubberBiotechnologyAgrochemicalsSpicesPlastic & polymersCatalysts & fillersFeed additivesPaper & otherSolventsDetergent & surf.Other pharmaceuticsCosmeticsOrganicsE- ...

General SKU237S137 MakePignat (FR) LocationBarneveld CEcheck Type25 Ltr Main Features MaterialGlass Volume25 Ltr. Motor0.74 KW Specified Features - Glass-lined Reactor MaterialGlass Glass Reactors Reactorcheck Capacity25 ltr. Vessel sizesdia. 290x500mm Dished bottomcheck Dished top sidecheck Outletdia. 15mm With jacketcheck Max. temperature150 degr. C With propellor stirrercheck (30-300 rpm, CW) With anchor stirrercheck (10-100 rpm, CCW) Motor 2 x 0.37 kW 230/400 V Information No.20403081 Year of construction2004 Mounted on legscheck With switchgearcheck Floorspace1,0x0,8 M Total height1,8 M Weight200 Kg Extra Specifications- stirrers MoC SS 316LGeneric medicinesOintmentsFine chemicalsOther chemicalBiotechnologyAgrochemicalsCatalysts & fillersSolventsDetergent & surf.Other pharmaceuticsCosmeticsLubricants & oleoGlass-lined ReactorsSolid pharmaceuticsDyes  ...

General SKU214W275 MakeQVF Glasstechnik LocationBarneveld CEcheck TypeROB DN100,05M Pressure Working pressure shell2 Bar Working pressure tubes3 Bar Main Features Shell (Material)glass Tube (Material)Graphite Surface0.5 m2 Specified Features - Shell and tube heat exchanger MaterialBorosilicate Glass 3.3, Graphite, Stainless steel 1.4301 (304) Heat exchangercheck Horizontalcheck Heating surface0,5m² Tube capacity3 Ltr. Number of tubes:11 Tube diameter14 mm Tube length1200 mm Wall thickness tubes1,5 mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell capacity7 Ltr Shell diameterDN100 Shell length1100 mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell with expansion jointcheck Shell connectionsDN50, DN80 Cover connectionsDN50 2x Information No.98067a Year of construction1998 Floorspace0,22 x 1,50m Total height0,22 m Weight50 kg ATEX compatiblecheck Technical specs Extra information- SIC ...

General SKU345S758 LocationBarneveld MakeHinke Tankbau GmbH (AT) No.8292 Pressure Working pressure3.5 Bar Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure jacket16 Bar Vacuum possible jacketcheck Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume3000 Ltr. Motor15 KW Specified Features - Stainless Steel Reactor Reactorcheck Capacity3000 Ltr (4140 Ltr) Vessel sizesDia: 1600 x1600mm Dished bottomcheck Dished top sidecheck ManholeDN500/400 Top connectionsDN200, DN150, DN100, DN80, DN50 OutletDN50 With jacketcheck 135+22 Ltr Max. temperature-25/200°C With paddle stirrerSDR 35-06 S Motor5.5 KW, 690/400 Volt, 1500rpm (EExdeIICT4) Speed mixing shaft92 rpm Stainless Steel Reactors MaterialStainless steel 1.4571 (316Ti) Information Year of construction2000 Floorspace2,2x2,2m Total height3m Weight1800kg ATEX compatiblecheckGeneric medicinesOintmentsFine chemicalsOther chemicalRu ...

General SKU214W274 MakeQVF Glasstechnik LocationBarneveld TypeROB DN100. 0.5m³ Pressure Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure shell2 Bar Vacuum possible shellcheck Working pressure tubes3 Bar Main Features Shell (Material)glass Tube (Material)Graphite Surface0.5 m2 Specified Features - Shell and tube heat exchanger MaterialBorosilicate Glass 3.3, Graphite, Stainless steel 1.4301 (304) Heat exchangercheck Horizontalcheck Heating surface0,5m³ Tube capacity3 Ltr. Number of tubes:11 Tube diameter14 mm Tube length1200mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell capacity7 Ltr. Shell diameter100mm Shell length1100mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell with expansion jointcheck Shell connectionsDN50, DN80 Cover connectionsDN50 Information No.98071 Year of construction1998 Floorspace0,22x1,50m Total height0,22m Weight50kg Technical specs Extra information- SIC better heat t ...

General SKU054Z209 Makeunknown TypeCSK-200 No.17169 Year of construction1975 LocationBarneveld Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume200 Ltr. Motor7.5 KW Specified Features - Z-blade mixer Z-blade mixer(1x) Capacity200 Ltr Trough sizes750x695x570mm With covercheck With adjustable packing glandscheck Motor7,5 KW, 380/660 Volt Mechanical tiltingcheck Motor0,37 KW, 230/400 Volt MaterialStainless steel Information Mounted on foundationcheck Floorspace2,2x1,6 M Total height2,4 M Weight1870 KGPowdered foodsStarchZ-blade mixersOther chemicalRubberPlastic & polymersCatalysts & fillersFeed additivesPaper & otherDiscountDetergent & surf.Other pharmaceuticsCosmeticsSugarLubricants & oleoAnimal feedOther feedSolid pharmaceuticsDyes & pigmentsMinerals & inorganicPaints & coatingsOils & fat-Industries > Food & Feed > Powdered foodsIndustries > Food & Feed > StarchKneade ...

General SKU214W273 MakeQVF Glasstechnik LocationBarneveld TypeROB DN100. 0.5m² Pressure Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure shell2 Bar Vacuum possible shellcheck Working pressure tubes3 Bar Main Features Shell (Material)glass Tube (Material)Graphite Surface0.5 m2 Specified Features - Shell and tube heat exchanger Heat exchangercheck Horizontalcheck Heating surface0,5m³ Tube capacity3 ltr Number of tubes:11 Tube diameter14 mm Tube length1200 mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell capacity7 ltr Shell diameter100 mm Shell length1100mm Max. temperature+150°C Shell connectionsDN50, DN80 Cover connectionsDN50 MaterialBorosilicate Glass 3.3, Graphite, Stainless steel 1.4301 (304) Information No.98068 Year of construction1998 Floorspace0,23x1,55 m Total height0,23 m Weight50 kg Technical specs Extra information- SIC better heat transfer coefficient than glass ...

General SKU107S404 MakeFillworth No.70-19-97A Year of construction1997 LocationBarneveld Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume10 Ltr. Specified Features - Processing vessel Open stirring vesselVacuum lab mixer with discharge press (1x) Capacity10 Ltr Vessel sizesDia. 250x300mm Flat top sidecheck With covercheck OutletDia. 20mm With anchor stirrer(0-47 Rpm) With dissolver stirrer(0-1230 Rpm) Motorpneumatic MaterialStainless steel 1.4301 (304) Information With switchgearcheck Floorspace1,0x1,0 M Total height2,0 M Weight400 KGProcessing vesselsDiscountFillworthProcessing vessels > Processing vesselsDiscountBrand > Fillworth What you can expect from Foeth: -- Machine is in working condition -- At a reduced price compared to new -- Ready for shipping to any destination worldwide -- You are welcome to inspect the machine in Barneveld, The Netherlands. Please vis ...

General SKU049C230 MakeHaagen & Rinau Bremen TypeHSM-50 K No.8803827 Year of construction1989 LocationBarneveld Pressure Working pressure0 Bar Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure jacket4 Bar Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume65 Ltr. Motor24 KW Specified Features - Paddle dryer MaterialStainless steel 1.4571 (316Ti) Turbulent dryerHochleistungs-Wirbel-Schnellkneter (1x) Capacity65 l (useful 18-42 l) Trough sizesø 420 x 460 mm Manholecheckinspection hatch 345 x 195 mm Outlet250 x 190 mm With jacketcheck 13 l Max. temperature100°C. Motor24,0 kW, 380 Volt (Ex) With variable speed drivecheck Information With switchgearcheck Floorspace3,0 x 1,0 m Total height1,9 m Weight1900 kg ATEX compatiblecheckPowdered foodsGeneric medicinesOintmentsFine chemicalsStarchOther chemicalBiotechnologyAgrochemicalsCatalysts & fillersFeed additivesPaddle dryersDiscoun ...

General SKU345S744 MakeKresta Anlagen- Stahl- und Montagebau GmbH (AT) LocationBarneveld Pressure Working pressure3.2 Bar Working pressure jacket6 Bar Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume4000 Ltr. Motor1.3 KW Specified Features - Stainless Steel Reactor Reactorcheck Capacity4000 Ltr (5500 Ltr) Vessel sizesDia: 1800 x2895mm Conical bottomcheck Dished top sidecheck ManholeDN600 Top connectionsDN150, DN50, DN40, DN25 OutletDN50 With jacketcheck(600 Ltr) Max. temperature-10/200°C With propellor stirrerHWL-040-L Motor1,3 KW, 230/400 Volt (EX) Speed mixing shaft484 rpm Stainless Steel Reactors MaterialStainless steel 1.4571 (316Ti) Information No.94146-6 Year of construction1994 Mounted on legscheck Floorspace2,21x2,21 m Total height4,1 m Weight3000 kg ATEX compatiblecheck Extra Specificationswith TÜVGeneric medicinesOintmentsFine chemicalsOther ch ...

General SKU288S378 Makeunknown, manufacturer plate is missing LocationBarneveld Main Features MaterialMild steel Volume1500 Ltr. Motor37 KW Specified Features - Dissolver MaterialMild steel Dissolvercheck Shaft length1280mm Disc diameter500mm Hydraulic drivecheck With hydraulic unitcheck Motor37 kW 380/660 volt With pans(2x) stainless steel Capacity1500 ltr Pan sizesdia. 1295x1300mm (1x), dia. 1135x1400mm (1x) Outletdia. 45mm With hydraulic liftingcheck Information With switch(as is) Floorspace1,9x1,3 M Total height2,8 M Weight2400 KgOintmentsDissolversFine chemicalsOther chemicalCatalysts & fillersSolventsDetergent & surf.Other pharmaceuticsLubricants & oleoOther feedDyes & pigmentsMinerals & inorganicPaints & coatingsOils & fat-Industries > Pharmaceutical > OintmentsMixers > DissolversIndustries > Chemical > Fine chemicalsIndustries > Chemical > Other chemical ...

General SKU279M288 MakeOostendorp apparatenbouw B.V. TypeMixing reactor of 800 liter No.6073 Year of construction2005 Mounted on legscheck Pressure Working pressure2 Bar Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure jacket6 Bar Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume800 Ltr. Motor0.75 KW Specified Features - Stainless Steel Reactor MaterialStainless steel 1.4404 (316L) Stainless Steel Reactors Reactor(1x) Capacity800 Ltr. Vessel sizesdia. 900x1400mm Dished bottomcheck Dished top sidecheck Manhole/handgat dia. 150mm Top connections7x Outletdia. 50mm With jacketcheck Max. temperature150 Degr. C. With propellor stirrercheck Motor0,75 KW, 220/380 Volt (Ex) Information LocationBarneveld Floorspace1,2x1,2 M Total height3,3 M Weight1200 KgGeneric medicinesOintmentsFine chemicalsOther chemicalRubberStainless Steel ReactorsAgrochemicalsPlastic & polymersCatalysts & ...

General SKU288S377 MakeNetzsch TypeNMD 668.62 No.2100310 Year of construction2006 LocationBarneveld Main Features MaterialStainless steel Volume1250 Ltr. Motor45 KW Specified Features - Dissolver Dissolvercheck Shaft length1200 mm Disc diameter450 mm Motor45 kW 380-420/660 -725 Volt With pans(1x) Capacity1250 ltr Pan sizesdia. 1150x1300mm Outletdia. 45mm With hydraulic liftingcheck Motor2,2 kW 400 volt (Ex) MaterialStainless steel Information Floorspace2,3x1,6 M Total height2,4 M Weight1700 Kg CEcheckOintmentsDissolversFine chemicalsOther chemicalCatalysts & fillersSolventsDetergent & surf.Other pharmaceuticsLubricants & oleoOther feedDyes & pigmentsMinerals & inorganicPaints & coatingsOils & fatNetzschIndustries > Pharmaceutical > OintmentsMixers > DissolversIndustries > Chemical > Fine chemicalsIndustries > Chemical > Other chemicalIndustries > Chemical > Ca ...

General SKU345S745 LocationBarneveld MakeDe Dietrich (FRA) TypeBE 6300 No.60391 Pressure Working pressure6 Bar Vacuum possiblecheck Working pressure jacket6 Bar Vacuum possible jacketcheck Main Features MaterialGlass Volume6300 Ltr. Motor15 KW Specified Features - Glass-lined Reactor MaterialGlass - Enamel (3009U) Glass Reactors Reactorcheck Capacity6300 Ltr. (8204 Ltr.) Vessel sizesø 2000 x 3050 mm Dished bottomcheck Dished top sidecheck Manholecheck DN500 Top connectionscheck DN250, DN150 Outletcheck DN150 With jacketcheck (744 Ltr.) Max. temperature-30 / 200 °C With paddle stirrercheck DFD 2000 Motorcheck 15,0 kW, 660/380 V (EExd IIBT4) Speed mixing shaft105 rpm Information Year of construction1994 Total height5,1 m ATEX compatiblecheck Extra Specifications- split jacketGeneric medicinesOintmentsFine chemicalsOther chemicalBiotechnologyAgrochemica ...